Waste Treatment

This PwC Report documents the backb superstar proceeding during the seminar It is for internal usage of iNDEXTb and some early(a) administration of Gujarat agencies and departments only. July 2012 Detailed Report incorporated tempestuous counseling rising Tr completions, Ch entirelyenges and mien haomaer Seminar on interconnected pine anxiety Ch ei in that locationnges and bearing Forward Table of content 1. Summary and fashion Forward .. 2. world-class call dour plenary . 4 2. 1 take hide and skunkonical Remarks 5 2. 2 Address .. 2. 3 some(prenominal)(prenominal)ise brand Address . 6 2. 4 go badup Address by leaf node of awarding .. 6 2. 5 inaugural Address by top dog leaf node 2. 6 Concluding Remarks 7 3. adept plenary I sustainable profligacy worry .. 8 List of Speakers . 8 3. Introductory Remarks by academic session moderate .. 8 3. 2 superfluity concern. 8 3. 3 discussion uphill neutralize Streams E- foul up and dotty pay off su bstantial attention 9 3. 4 carry for Mixed Technologies in eat g everyplacenance Focus on drift to capa urban center .. 3. 5 ratiocination Remarks by Session Ch circulariseman . 10 4. Panel pa section From inlet to launch . 11 List of Speakers 1 5. Technical comprehensive II Harnessing create for wealthiness.. 14 List of Speakers 14 5. 1 Introductory Remarks by Session Chairman . 14 5. Pre moveation by Surat municipal society .. 14 5. 3 Facilitating in the normal eye(predicate) secret Partnerships in fade cautiousness . 15 5. 4 Cost economic science How to create a re venue copy 15 5. 5 Towards Zero do in Exploring the Systems Approach .. 6 6. Closing Remarks. . 17 Seminar on Integrated expend vigilance appear Trends, Challenges and Way Forward Seminar on Integrated thieve concern appear Trends, Challenges and Way in advance 1. Summary and Way Forward The fol baseing table summarizes the mainstay parameters of the Seminar Parameter International Speakers Domestic Speakers intact Participants Total Number 2 17 350+The Way Forward crosswise una give care dimensions as suggested by the speakers and participants argon mentioned on a offseter floor Integrated crazy instruction invention should focal point on have drop-off on with recycle and reuse. This can be do by raising sentiency towards contemporaries of aban fool. Cities doing transgress in the palm of urban teaching including prodigality prudence should start communion their learning and arrest with little towns and cities. This can similarly be make hasted by PEARL initiatory nether JnNURM.Source- base requisition reads to be boost with sense drives among citizens and other consumers of counteract anxiety run. This would in addition require suitable assemblage mechanisms and vehicles which can transport segregated eat ups. g all all everyplacening compulsions to resurrect credence of advanced technologies and processes for sho ve off intervention suitable for the heterogeneous nature of Indian squander. yearn to aught results for Indian suck are possible despite humbleder hot value and the same need to be encouraged through accompanyion of acclivitous technologies like gasification, concord blue tower, co touch among others.Vi great power of drive off-to- readiness solutions and other sermon cheek / recycling facilities can be boosted by clubbing smaller municipalities which do non have the financial wherewithal so that a common facility can be created and shared. Liquid turn back solicitude requires wagerer collection aptitude which calls for cloaca interlock and other supporting infrastructure peculiarly in smaller towns and cities. There is need for building to a greater extent bio-medical and electronic barbarian give-and-take facilities. Both these categories of hazardous do in are rapidly appear tout streams which need dedicated facilities for brass and treatment. in sular firmament booking in raving mad heed needs to be bolstered further which calls for culture of suitable frame construct, capa urban center building of urban local Bodies and proper manduction of jeopardy between the public and individual(a) arena. Private participation in the compass likewise needs to be facilitated through universe of discourse of a grocery place for recyclables, raising consciousness among citizens to incr informality willingness to pay and see-through set for levying user charges on with boot systems on the stemmas of electrimetropolis and water bills for muff circumspection serve.Zero take scenario is achievable a substitution class shift in tempestuous circumspection activities that is unavoidable. PwC page 3 of 18 Seminar on Integrated Waste Management emergent Trends, Challenges and Way in front 2. Inaugural Plenary The Seminar on Integrated Waste Management appear Trends, Challenges and Way Ahead was held in Surat a t Science meat on 06 July 2012. Gujarat which is to daylight one of the fastest urbanizing states in the democracy is in addition a dependable industrial and economic hub.Unprecedented growth in its cities and urban sprawl are qualification adoption of sensitive ideas in urban ripening empyrean inevitable. Waste circumspection is a critical line of business and it requires limited efforts to plan and manage the spiralling decamp coevals that is taking place, given the complex issues videlicet wise rising dissipation streams, environmental challenges of redundancy intervention and treatment among others.Towards this end, a 1-day seminar on merged profligacy perplexity was organize to brainstorm on emerging ideas, technologies, and systems in chase a shamand collection, treatment, government and recuperation. The seminar was held at Surat, a model city for exorbitance oversight processes in not save Gujarat but the entire country. The Inaugural acad emic term began by lighting of the lamp by the meter-honoured dignitaries gracing the example. These dignitaries include Name Shri Ranjitbhai Gilitwala Shri Narottambhai Patel Dr. M Ramachandran, IAS Mr. I P Gautam, IAS Mr. S J Haider, IAS Mr. M K cony, IAS Mr.Piyush Shah Organization presidential term of Gujarat regime of Gujarat Ministry of urban ontogenesis, presidential term of India urban study and urban admit department, disposal of Gujarat Gujarat Urban organic evolution Company Surat municipal batch Confederation of Indian Industry fitting Honourable Minister of State cottage industries, Salt Industries, Printing and stationery, Planning and direct Honourable Minister Panchayat, Rural housing and Rural Development, Food, civilian Supplies and Consumer affairs antecedent Secretary star Secretary Managing coach Commissioner Chairman, CII Gujarat State Council PwC foliate 4 of 18 Seminar on Integrated Waste Management emergent Trends, Challenges and Way Ah ead 2. 1 acceptable Address and Introductory Remarks Mr. M K Das, IAS, Commissioner, Surat municipal stomach (SMC) delivered the opening address by greeting and extending a untoughened welcome to all esteemed dignitaries and venerable inter fancy to the 1-day event organized at Surat, as a run up to the Vibrant Gujarat 2013 Summit. Mr. Das express that the pacing of urbanization was posing multiple challenges to urban topical anaesthetic bodies including organic evolution of physical and fond infrastructure which not only meets flow demand but overly sustains forthcoming growth.One of the turgidgest challenges is provision of a red-blooded and rinse environment to the citizens and in this context, scientific commission of looseness becomes very important. He express that the seminar was a nigh platform for familiarity manduction and he hoped that it would provide divine serviceable insights into the sure and future trends in the celestial sphere. Introducing the city of Surat, Mr. Das state that Surat is among the fastest information cities in the country. It is the 2nd self-aggrandizingst city of Gujarat and 9th largest city in India with a population of 4. 5 one million million and an area spread of 320 sq km.Large home presence of industries especially the textile and baseball diamond industry has contributed a lot to this growth. great potential of employment and options for better sustentation has attracted a large influx of migrants. This coarse growth has simultaneously tested the angry circumspection processes in the city with most 1,200-1,400 metric tonnes of stiff permissive barbarian and 700 million litres of liquid swash world produced in the city per day. It is on that pointfore a big challenge for SMC to ensure utile systems and processes for collection and disposal of municipal mess up. presidency of Gujarat, Mr.Das express, has been liberalist with a futuristic outlook and todays seminar is a part of its proactive initiatives to bring out innovative and maneuveral solutions in the field of bollix counsel. This seminar aims at coordination of bungle care efforts crosswise the country and plans to provide a platform for sharing information related to confused initiatives and programs. Mr. Das think by expressing hope that ideas generated in this seminar will act as a catalyst for further developing of the emaciate management arena and provide gather action points for providing a clean, green and healthy environment for the race. . 2 Address Principal Secretary, Urban Development and Urban h grey department, regime of Gujarat opened his broadside by introducing to the reference the Vibrant Gujarat Summit 2013 and the seminars organized by the Urban Development and Urban Housing department as a run up to the main event in January 2013. He said that the venue for Seminar on Integrated baseless management was carefully chosen as Surat because of the slight work organism done by Surat municipal Corporation (SMC) and the seminar would thitherfore bye an opportunity to delegates and other urban local bodies to incorporate learning from work done in this city.Underscoring the importance of change required in bluster management welkin, Mr. Gautam said that it was necessary to discard age old ideas and adopt emerging technologies and systems which countries and leading cities roughly the world are practising. Mr. Gautam in addition briefed the audience or so the inception of Gujarat Urban Development Company in 2001 for reconstruction of seism affected towns and its expansion later as a nodal agency for the urban development department providing coordination and support to all 159 municipalities across heterogeneous areas of urban development.He ended his unlikeiation inviting all the experts bring in to share their ideas and experiences and work up the seminar fruitful. PwC Page 5 of 18 Seminar on Integrated Waste Management emerging Trends, Challenges and Way Ahead 2. 3 Key Note Address Dr. M Ramachandran, IAS, fountain Secretary, Ministry of Urban Development, government activity of India opened his note by congratulating Surat City for featuring 4th in the list of fastest developing cities. He pointed out that several(a) models in the area of thieve management emanating out of Suart could be practised cross the country.He said that with to a greater extent than 2 lakh MT of waste produced allday by approximately 8,000 towns and cities in the county, it has become imperative to pull off waste in an impressive manner so that cities remain clean and wastes can be re-cycled and re-used in the best possible manner. He in any case mettlesomelighted the change of composition in waste produced in India. He said that over the last 10 years, ductile waste has increased 10-fold whereas paper waste has gone up to just 2 times so we need to guide waste handling technology with these changes in consideration. Dr.Ramachandran stressed upon the need for 0verall waste management insurance policy at the state level so that cities have cause guidelines for waste management. He in addition insisted that overall waste management policy should have guidelines for waste handling, resources allocation and should clearly define roles and tariff of various bodies like pollution add-in and local bodies wh0 are involved in waste management. He said that creating awareness among masses for waste drop-off is as important and urged electoral representatives to prioritize this agentive role of 3R.He besides said that creating awareness cannot be left to local bodies as every citizen should be make aware of ship canal to reduce waste and different eco- affectionate slipway of doing things. Dr. M Ramachandran pointed out that we have various service level benchmarks and matter sanitisation Policy and it is important to timely lend oneself these policies so that in a extensive manner, fundamen tals of upstanding waste management can be addressed. He concluded by saying that we need to measure out actions at the city level so that changes can be achieved with long edge perspective. 2. 4 Inaugural Address by Guest of HonourHonble Minister of State for cottage Industries, Salt Industries, Printing and Stationery, Planning and Transport, Mr. Ranjitbhai Gilitwala was the Guest of Honour. In his address, he congratulated Surat Municipal Corporation (SMC) for organizing this important seminar on Integrated Waste Management and also appreciated the commendable work done by SMC. after the plague epidemic that gripped the city in 1994, tremendous work was undertaken to make the city clean and green by SMC. Today, Surat has emerged as one of the best cities to live and work and offers quality lifestyle, said Mr.Gilitwala. Honble rector also said that waste treatment and recycling should not alone be the focalisation and called for efforts from plenty to reduce the times of wa ste. diminution times can go a long way in addressing sustainability concerns, along with recycling and reuse of the waste generated. administration of Gujarat under the visionary leadership of Honble Chief Minister, Shri Narendra Modi aimed to emphasis on environmental issues and seminars much(prenominal) as these were an important platform for sharing of ideas and k directlyledge collaboration. PwC Page 6 of 18Seminar on Integrated Waste Management Emerging Trends, Challenges and Way Ahead 2. 5 Inaugural Address by Chief Guest Honble Minister of Panchayat, Rural Housing, Rural Development, Food, Civil Supplies and Consumer Affairs, Government of Gujarat Sheri Narrottambhai Patel was the chief guest. In his inaugural address, he lauded the efforts of Surat Municipal Corporation and people of Surat City in significantly transforming Surat from a plague-ridden city to one of the cleanest city in India. Honble minister said that effective waste management is integral to overall d evelopment of Gujarat.He also said that with 158 municipalities and 8 municipal companionships in the state, in that respect is need for day-and-night learning from mutual best practices. Honble minister reinforced the commitment of government towards waste management and also said that Government of Gujarat wants to develop all its cities in the line of Surat in the waste management area. 2. 6 Concluding Remarks Mr. Piyush Shah, Chairman, CII State Council, Gujarat and Managing director Hitachi HiRel forcefulness Electronics Pvt Ltd, concluded the session by thanking all speakers and dignitaries for sharing their knowledge and sparing time for attending the event.Mr. Shah lauded the efforts organism undertaken by Government of Gujarat to promote information sharing and cerebrate on the important issue of waste management having wide spread ramifications for the development of our cities. PwC Page 7 of 18 Seminar on Integrated Waste Management Emerging Trends, Challenges and W ay Ahead 3. Technical Plenary I Sustainable Waste Management List of Speakers Name Dr. M Ramachandran, IAS Prof. Chetan Vaidya Dr. A N Vaidya Dr.Juergen Porst Organization Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India National show of Urban Affairs National environmental Engineering seek Institute (CSIR NEERI) Bavarian Waste railroad tie Incinerators engagement former(prenominal) Secretary Director of age(p) Principal Scientist and Head steady Waste Management Division Senior Advisor, GIZ (IndoGerman Bilateral Agency) 3. 1 Introductory Remarks by Session Chairman Dr. M Ramachandran, Former Secretary, Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India opened the session by introducing the speakers and setting the context for the discussion.He urged speakers to give tongue to intimately new models, ideas and ways to coin towards better waste management in our cities and deliberate on the challenges facing waste management domain in India. 3. 2 Waste Management Prof. Chetan Vaidya, Director, National Institute of Urban Affairs (NIUA) talked astir(predicate) the trends in the waste management sector. Municipal red-blooded Waste Management rules in India were make in the year 2000 and there was a need to relook at those since there had been several challenges in implementing them. Public private confederacy models have also been facing issues of absence seizure seizure of user charges, labor rationalization etc.Quoting an NIUA report, Prof. Vaidya soaringlighted that waste management is essentially an mental process and criminal maintenance issue and steps were needed to draw the sector keeping in view this important perspective. Integrated waste management is the need of the hour and Kanpur city in the northern state of India, Uttar Pradesh presented a good example of outsourcing end to end solutions in the waste management sector. Surat in Gujarat also with a combination of operators providing different services presented an alternate example of effective waste management solutions. Dr.Vaidya also verbalize about PEARL (Peer Experience and Reflective Learning) initiative under JnNURM (Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban vicissitude Mission), the ambitious program of Government of India, cosmos an effective source of promoting knowledge sharing among cities so that learning emerging from urban centres can be shared across the country for wider comfortablyorganisms. There was a need felt to raise awareness about PEARL across cities in India which was being done by NIUA through its various efforts and initiatives. PwC Page 8 of 18 Seminar on Integrated Waste Management Emerging Trends, Challenges and Way Ahead . 3 Handling Emerging Waste Streams E-Waste and Hazardous Waste Management Emerging waste streams in India like biomedical and electronic waste need technologically superior solutions to handle them, said Dr. A N Vaidya, Scientist at the National Environmental Engineering seek Institute (NEERI). Dr. Vaidya s tarted his note by highlighting the changing composition of pollution, both air and water in the country over last few decades. The composition of waste generated had also changed and reflected new types of pollutants and this had make new approach in waste sector inevitable.The new approach had shifted to management of waste from treatment only perspective and cleaner technologies along with advanced treatment, equipments etc were now unattached. The major(ip) challenge in managing hazardous composites of waste streams is the heterogeneous nature of waste generated and relations with this requires that waste minimization strategies remain at the core of our approach. This included both diminution at source as come up as recycling and extracting as much as possible. Dr.Vaidya, apprised the audience of the advanced treatment processes which are available in the market today viz. membrane based processes, advanced oxidation processes among others. He also talked about ways for survival of an distract treatment process based on composition of waste and elaborated on how various processes worked. Remediation methods that could go a long way in preventing toll to environment and living conditions include steady assessment of contamination levels and selection of the in effect(p) treatment process along with other initiatives.To conclude, Dr. Vaidya underlined that waste management is a can-do sector with changing composition of wastes and there is a need to rapidly adopt newer and better technologies and treatment processes. 3. 4 Need for Mixed Technologies in Waste Disposal Focus on Waste to Energy Dr. Juergen Porst has been working for over three decades in the waste management sector. He is soon working for GIZ German International Cooperation, Government of Bavaria and several state governments in India along with over 26 countries across the world. Dr. Porst talk about waste o efficiency trends briefed the audience about the waste management s ector in Germany and the outline that European countries had adopted which had led to them excelling in the sector. European strategy of following a hierarchal approach through prevention, reuse, recycling, recovery and disposal had led to excellent results. The heating set in developed economies were higher enchantment the nature of Indian waste resulted in it having a low value. However, Dr. Porst stated that this was easily changing and hot value of Indian waste was also on the rise.The options available for non-recyclable waste management broadly included mechanical-biological processes and thermal treatment processes. Land pickaxe however proved to be a more than expensive decision over the longer run repayable to the high cost of operations and after care costs. Dr. Porst also busted several myths contact waste incineration techniques like it not being eco-friendly and being expensive than mechanicalbiological treatment (MBT). He underscored that waste recycling and waste to energy did not conflict they in circumstance complemented each other.Dr Porst, presented several products where energy produced from waste could be used for marketable products and salary that could accrue. Waste to energy conversion methods were also environmental friendly and facilitate economical climate protection due(p) to their utmost less emissions than equivalent landfill sites. Coincineration also provided for hundred credit benefits though the reliability over long term remained low. PwC Page 9 of 18 Seminar on Integrated Waste Management Emerging Trends, Challenges and Way AheadEnabling waste to energy based projects called for conducive conditions to be created in terms of legal frame work, market conditions prevalent and generating favourable public picture and acceptance among masses. 3. 5 Closing Remarks by Session Chairman The technical plenary on Sustainable waste management was concluded by the session chairman, Dr. M Ramachandran who thanked the sp eakers for their valuable inputs and ideas. PwC Page 10 of 18 Seminar on Integrated Waste Management Emerging Trends, Challenges and Way Ahead 4.Panel Discussion From Door to Dump A add-in discussion was held on the topic of From Door to Dump Issues and way advancing in requisition, collection, transportation, treatment and disposal. The panel which consisted of grand panellists expressed their views and concerns and proposed solutions to move faster towards end to end solutions for the waste management sector effective to combat challenges across the value chain. List of Speakers Name Mr. I P Gautam, IAS Mr. N M Tabhani Prof. Dinesh Mehta Dr. Amiya Kumar Sahu Mr. Arun Gor Mr.Debashish Tripathy Organization Urban Development and Urban Housing Department, Government of Gujarat Gujarat contamination Control Board Centre for Environmental Planning and applied science National good Waste Association of India every last(predicate) India Institute of Local Self Government, Mumbai IL & FS Environmental al-Qaida and Services Ltd Designation Principal Secretary Sr. Environmental Engineer prof Emeritus president Vice President PwC Page 11 of 18 Seminar on Integrated Waste Management Emerging Trends, Challenges and Way Ahead ? Mr.I P Gautam, IAS, Principal Secretary, Urban Development and Urban Housing Department, Government of Gujarat gap the session, Mr. Gautam welcomed all the esteemed speakers on the dias. On the topic From Door to Dump, he said the topic was very competently termed as an effective management of waste calls for working across all activities of the process. Mr. Gautam said that one of the potential ways of overcoming issues in the waste management sector was to facilitate some form of clubbing of municipalities so that economies of scale could be leveraged where in municipalities benefit from common land could fill sites and treatment plants.Doing this would also do smaller municipalities who due to lesser generation of waste currently f ind investing in treatment and treat activities unfeasible. He stated that though creation of scientific landfills was easy, it was often the operation and maintenance of these landfills which was a concern. Concluding his remarks, Mr. Gautam lauded the efforts of Surat Municipal Corporation in the city he also requested for support from the people in sustaining these initiatives and making them fruitful. Mr. N M Tabhani, Sr. Environmental Engineer Gujarat Pollution Control Board (GPCB) On behalf of GPCB, Mr.Tabhani r about the challenges in waste touch on and newer ways of handling waste for all round benefits. Mr. Tabhani talked about Co-processing as an effective way of handling waste from industrial processes while recovering energy and material value from them which in turn could be supplied to energy intensive industries like cement production units. Use of cement kilns also offers large scale benefits over traditionalistic hazardous waste incinerators due to high temper atures, long residence time and oxidizing conditions present leading to reduction in emissions.While there are several others methods of processing waste for energy to meet treatment challenges, a distinct advantage that co-processing offers in handling heterogeneous Indian waste is its ability to process plastic and non recyclables from composting plants as well. However, there are certain materials like leather, iron, stones, roentgenogram films etc which should not be sent for processing and municipalities must ensure proper sequestration. Prof. Dinesh Mehta, Professor Emeritus, Centre for Environmental Planning and Technology Prof.Mehta in his note threw light on the major issues facing waste management sector in India and Gujarat. After plentiful an overview of the waste characteristics in the state of Gujarat, he underlined that though waste collection efficiency was high in its cities, the extent of segregation and recovery whitewash called for more efforts, especially in towns and smaller urban centres. scientific disposal of waste needed focus even in larger cities having municipal corporations. Financial sustainability also remains an area which needed attention due to low recovery of costs. Apart from these, Prof.Mehta also highlighted other issues where work was required like focus on collection of liquid waste with non-sewered liquid waste content still remaining substantial in smaller urban centres. Bio medical and e-waste collection was insofar some other emerging area where there was a need to have more treatment facilities for these. Dr. Amiya Kumar Sahu, President, National Solid Waste Association National Solid Waste Association of India (NSWAI) is the only leading lord non-profit organization in the field of Solid Waste Management including Toxic and Hazardous Waste and also Biomedical Waste in India. oration on the challenges and way forward in the area of solid waste management, Dr. Sahu started his launching by big an overview of current scenario of waste management in India and also pointed out the changing composition of waste produced in India. He suggested several way forward including segregation of waste streams at the household level, provision of suitable and different transport vehicles as per demands of the nature of waste generated locally, stimulating market for recyclables. Dr.Sahu said that Government should incentivize private sector participation and promote new suppositions like waste to energy through renewable energy certificates. He stressed upon the need of bringing in appropriate government policy initiatives for the same. ? ? ? PwC Page 12 of 18 Seminar on Integrated Waste Management Emerging Trends, Challenges and Way Ahead ? Mr. Arun Gor, All India Institute of Local Self Government, Mumbai Mr. Gor started his presentation by giving an overview of types of waste and various laws pertaining to waste management. He pointed out that till date we dont have any adjourn law dealing with e-waste.He then spoke about principal areas of management and handling of municipal solid waste. Mr. Gour highlighted the importance of segregation at source and how this can help in achieving more recycling of waste. He said that real problem is selection of appropriate technology depending upon waste generation and availability of land and further suggested that large ULBs with waste generation above ccc T/day should have centralize plants with priority of generating Organic Fertilizer from Bio-Waste Waste to Energy Options are suitable for those generating 1,000T/ day and above.He concluded by saying that areas like segregation at source, memory board, collection, transport, recycling, processing and net disposal requires coordinated action and policy changes so that issues of Municipal Waste Management can be addressed. ? Mr. Debashish Tripathy, Vice President, IL&FS Environmental home and Services Ltd IL&FS Environmental Infrastructure and Services Ltd (IEISL) is one of th e leaders in the waste management sector in India which has adopted an incorporated approach in the sector and offers services from collection, processing to energy conversion.Speaking on the challenges encountered in the waste management sector, Mr. Tripathi underlined issues facing the much needed public private partnership models. He mentioned that budgetary allocations of municipal authorities was often not sufficient and also that a major cost was incurred on collection and transportation while not enough was being spent on treatment and energy conversion. Development of institutional and financial capability in the municipalities was also required as was the need to carve out viable business models for private sector involvement.The absence of willingness to pay among the citizens was a major hurdle and Mr. Tripathi suggested that it was necessary to start charging citizens for waste management services and billing systems on the lines of electricity and water bills were requ ired. He also recommended profileration of education and benefits of segregation and waste disposal among children so that awareness seeps in the society. Carbon support advances and post financing were other options that need to be looked at. PwC Page 13 of 18Seminar on Integrated Waste Management Emerging Trends, Challenges and Way Ahead 5. Technical Plenary II Harnessing Waste for Wealth List of Speakers Name Shri M K Das, IAS Ms. Caroline Twigg Mr. Rahul Bedmutha Mr. Prayas Goel Organization Surat Municipal Corporation World argumentation Council Sustainable Development for Designation Municipal Commissioner India Coordinator consort Director Managing Director CRISIL, Risk and Infrastructure Solutions Rochem India Pvt Ltd 5. 1 Introductory Remarks by Session ChairmanShri M K Das, IAS, Commissioner, Surat Municipal Corporation opened the session by have all the speakers and highlighting that in the emerging scenario waste is becoming a sector where ample economic opportuniti es exist and effective waste management called for tapping these opportunities for creating a win-win billet for all. 5. 2 Presentation by Surat Municipal Corporation Surat Municipal Corporation, the hosts of the event made a brief presentation introducing to the audience the city and its glorious development over the last few decades.In the presentation made on sewerage management function of the corporation, several systems, functions and initiatives were highlighted which have made the city one of the leading urban centres in waste management sector across India. The current status of the sewerage and waste management in the city and key achievements were also highlighted. Apart from clearly delineate functions at head quarter and zonary level, the corporation had focussed on adopting latest technologies by leveraging funds accepted under JnNURM.Carbon credit mechanism is also being tapped and it is estimated that the corporation from its 3 sewerage gas based plants would g enerate more than 0. 5 lakh of CER (Carbon dismission Reduction). Technology adoption had also penetrated information monitoring and control in the sewerage plants. The corporation is now focussing on development of tertiary treatment plants to ease the pressure on drinking water resources.Solid waste management activities which received a major thrust by the corporation after the plague epidemic in the city in the 1990s had undergone a sea change with several initiatives being taken like concept of postal code garbage on roads, privatisation of municipal solid waste (MSW) related activities, infrastructure development for disposal among others. An overhaul and modernisation of the scraps transfer stations has been carried out resulting into reduction in odour and no storage of MSW. Multiple technologies for waste processing have been adopted which are preceded by segregation of the heterogeneous waste that is collected.Several sustainability initiatives have also been carried ou t in the city in the form of centralized biomedical waste collection, treatment and disposal, effective management of hotel and kitchen waste along with innovative schemes like Anudan strategy for urban dwellers and adoption of improvised equipments and provender for its citizens. Private sector participation has been a PwC Page 14 of 18 Seminar on Integrated Waste Management Emerging Trends, Challenges and Way Ahead key strategy and several projects are still available in the pipeline where private sector collaboration can be favored. . 3 Facilitating Public Private Partnerships in Waste Management Ms. Caroline Twigg, India Coordinator of the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) introduced to the audience the organization which has over 200 companies spanning more than 22 sectors across 35 countries as its members and works towards thought leadership for business role in sustainability concerns. Under the Urban Infrastructure initiative, the organization ha s been working across the have a go at it functional chain from design and planning, building, financing and operations.Briefing the audience on Public Private Partnerships (uvulopalatopharyngoplastys), Ms. Twigg defined PPPs as a transformational form of procurement where government could create new ways of delivering services. She gave a brief definition of the various PPP models which comprised different levels of participation from the private sector like service contracts, lead, annuity, BOOT (Build, Own, Operate and Transfer) and divesture among others. She also define benefits and challenges for both the parties in PPP model Government and private sector.Ms. Twigg also talked about the waste management hierarchy which spanned from decrease usage, reuse, recycle, co processing, incineration to land filling and presented a few case studies including those from waste to render and waste water sectors underscoring the success of PPP based projects in these sectors. In Asia Pacific, however, Ms. Twigg storied that though there had been a apprehend in PPPs in this region, it still called for better oversight from public sector agencies and a stronger political will to make the models work.There is a tremendous chain for private sector participation in waste sector in India where only 8-9% of the supply waste is currently being disposed off scientifically. Gulbarga, Hubli, Haldia were a few urban centres which presented successful PPP model projects. Management contracts, lease and BOOT models were emerging as the more popular ones. She highlighted that the success accompanimentors needed for development of PPPs were a strong will, robust institutional frameworks, well structured projects, a clear understanding of strengths and limitations of each party and an bjective, transparent tariff fixing procedure among several others. Ms. Twigg concluded her presentation by public lecture about Urban Infrastructure endeavor of WBCSD and the support avail able for various sources including Government of India portals etc for leveraging and development of PPPs in India. 5. 4 Cost Economics How to create a revenue model An overview of contract structures in Waste management sector along with revenue accrual models was presented by Mr. Rahul Bedmutha, colleague Director, CRISIL Risk and Infrastructure Advisory.Mr. Bedmutha started of his note by talking about the status of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) in India and the rising trends in waste generation being witnessed in the sector. He highlighted that though waste collection was reasonable at 70-80% in large cities it was abysmally low in smaller cities, often at a lower place 50%. An estimated Rs. 49,000 crore is required to plug the gaps subsisting the sector over the next 20 years. Currently, processing and disposal as well as interconnected projects were seeing outgrowth coronations. PwC Page 15 of 18Seminar on Integrated Waste Management Emerging Trends, Challenges and Way Ahead Funding in MSWM projects has progressed from being funded by external agencies to local city governments and further now from service providers. A viable model for funding that has emerged now is based on capital investment from service provider and recovery through tipping fee and sale of products from treatment/processing of waste. Mr Bedmutha presented a few case studies on the same and underlined that tipping fees still remains a significant contributor 68% of the revenues.Contract structures of MSWM projects also need to be reviewed from the viewpoint of integrated waste management to avoid carrefour in the scope of processing and disposal and integrated contracts. Also in the scope of work, the contracts must focus on minimization of residue after processing. Mr. Bedmutha concluded his presentation by talking about the various attempts that could challenges investments in waste management sector including waste quality risks, technology risk both from the pe rspective of power generation and pollution control and counterparty risk in the form of paying capability of the ULBs. . 5 Towards Zero Waste Exploring the Systems Approach Mr. Prayas Goel, Managing Director, Rochem India presented on the topic Towards Zero- A Systems Approach- Harnessing waste for wealth Zero waste is a concept that calls for a paradigm shift and views waste as a resource that can be remoulded for usable components and profitable ventures. Speaking on the topic, Mr. Goel talked about the heterogeneity of the MSW and the fact that approximately 60% of it is organic and another 15% recyclable.He said that the low calorific value of Indian MSW can be attributed to its high moisture content. Due to absence of source segregation a total solution to treat mixed waste was warranted in the Indian context. Mr Goel also presented a comparison of various technologies like composting, landfill, incineration and the new concord blue solution on various indicators like emissio ns, maintenance cost, recovery of energy etc. Elaborating further on the Zero waste, Mr.Goel said that the concept focussed on maximizing the 3-R concept Reduce, recycle and Recover as well as ensuring that only true inerts are sent to the landfill. This could be achieved by raising public awareness and involving all concerned agencies including the un-organized sector. An integrated approach towards zero waste that he presented highlighted the need for receipt of waste with stripped-down storage along with efficiency in pre-conditioning activities followed by conversion of pre-conditioned waste to energy.An blowup of Gasification technology apprised the audience about the exposit of this non-incineration thermal waste to energy solution and its suitability for disposal of mixed solid waste. The process is also environmental friendly since it does not release toxic dioxins and furans due to the plastic present being thermo chemically degraded instead of being burned. separate benefits include the low space requirement, paltry rejects and no storage requirements. Summarizing his presentation, Mr. Goel negated the widely held ideal that Indian waste due to its low calorific value based on